Schema.org и JSON-LD: полный разбор Organization, Product, рейтингов и фото

<!-- Базовый шаблон JSON-LD -->
<script type="application/ld+json">
{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "WebSite",
  "name": "Название сайта",
  "url": "https://example.com"
}
</script>

<!-- Несколько схем — несколько <script> блоков -->
<script type="application/ld+json">
{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Organization",
  "name": "Компания",
  "url": "https://example.com"
}
</script>

{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Organization",
  "@id": "https://example.com/#organization",
  "name": "Название компании",
  "legalName": "ООО Пример",
  "url": "https://example.com",
  "logo": {
    "@type": "ImageObject",
    "url": "https://example.com/logo.png",
    "width": 200,
    "height": 60
  },
  "description": "Краткое описание компании для Knowledge Graph.",
  "foundingDate": "2015",
  "contactPoint": {
    "@type": "ContactPoint",
    "telephone": "+7-800-123-45-67",
    "contactType": "customer service",
    "availableLanguage": "Russian"
  },
  "sameAs": [
    "https://vk.com/yourcompany",
    "https://t.me/yourcompany",
    "https://www.instagram.com/yourcompany"
  ]
}

{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Restaurant",
  "@id": "https://example.com/#business",
  "name": "Ресторан Берёзка",
  "url": "https://example.com",
  "telephone": "+7-495-123-45-67",
  "email": "info@example.com",
  "servesCuisine": ["Русская кухня", "Европейская кухня"],
  "priceRange": "₽₽",
  "address": {
    "@type": "PostalAddress",
    "streetAddress": "ул. Арбат, 10",
    "addressLocality": "Москва",
    "addressRegion": "Москва",
    "postalCode": "119019",
    "addressCountry": "RU"
  },
  "geo": {
    "@type": "GeoCoordinates",
    "latitude": 55.7493,
    "longitude": 37.5885
  },
  "openingHoursSpecification": [
    {
      "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification",
      "dayOfWeek": ["Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday"],
      "opens": "12:00",
      "closes": "23:00"
    },
    {
      "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification",
      "dayOfWeek": ["Saturday", "Sunday"],
      "opens": "12:00",
      "closes": "00:00"
    }
  ],
  "image": "https://example.com/photos/restaurant.jpg",
  "hasMap": "https://maps.google.com/?cid=XXXXXX"
}

{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Product",
  "name": "Кроссовки беговые Air X Pro",
  "description": "Лёгкие беговые кроссовки с пенной подошвой для асфальта. Вес 230 г, дроп 10 мм.",
  "sku": "AIRX-001-BLK",
  "mpn": "AIRX001",
  "gtin13": "4607134200010",
  "brand": {
    "@type": "Brand",
    "name": "RunMax"
  },
  "image": [
    "https://example.com/photos/airx-front.jpg",
    "https://example.com/photos/airx-side.jpg",
    "https://example.com/photos/airx-back.jpg"
  ],
  "offers": {
    "@type": "Offer",
    "url": "https://example.com/products/air-x-pro",
    "priceCurrency": "RUB",
    "price": "5990",
    "priceValidUntil": "2026-12-31",
    "itemCondition": "https://schema.org/NewCondition",
    "availability": "https://schema.org/InStock",
    "seller": {
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "RunMax Store"
    }
  },
  "aggregateRating": {
    "@type": "AggregateRating",
    "ratingValue": "4.7",
    "reviewCount": "128"
  }
}

{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Product",
  "name": "Смартфон Galaxy S25",
  "brand": { "@type": "Brand", "name": "Samsung" },
  "image": "https://example.com/galaxy-s25.jpg",
  "offers": {
    "@type": "AggregateOffer",
    "priceCurrency": "RUB",
    "lowPrice": "79990",
    "highPrice": "109990",
    "offerCount": "3",
    "offers": [
      {
        "@type": "Offer",
        "name": "128 GB / Чёрный",
        "price": "79990",
        "priceCurrency": "RUB",
        "availability": "https://schema.org/InStock"
      },
      {
        "@type": "Offer",
        "name": "256 GB / Белый",
        "price": "89990",
        "priceCurrency": "RUB",
        "availability": "https://schema.org/InStock"
      },
      {
        "@type": "Offer",
        "name": "512 GB / Фиолетовый",
        "price": "109990",
        "priceCurrency": "RUB",
        "availability": "https://schema.org/PreOrder"
      }
    ]
  }
}

{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "ProductGroup",
  "name": "Кроссовки Air X Pro",
  "description": "Беговые кроссовки в нескольких цветах и размерах.",
  "url": "https://example.com/products/air-x-pro",
  "brand": { "@type": "Brand", "name": "RunMax" },
  "productGroupID": "AIRX-PRO",
  "variesBy": ["https://schema.org/color", "https://schema.org/size"],
  "hasVariant": [
    {
      "@type": "Product",
      "name": "Air X Pro — Чёрный, 42",
      "sku": "AIRX-BLK-42",
      "color": "Чёрный",
      "size": "42",
      "offers": {
        "@type": "Offer",
        "price": "5990",
        "priceCurrency": "RUB",
        "availability": "https://schema.org/InStock"
      }
    },
    {
      "@type": "Product",
      "name": "Air X Pro — Синий, 44",
      "sku": "AIRX-BLU-44",
      "color": "Синий",
      "size": "44",
      "offers": {
        "@type": "Offer",
        "price": "5990",
        "priceCurrency": "RUB",
        "availability": "https://schema.org/OutOfStock"
      }
    }
  ]
}

{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Product",
  "name": "Кроссовки Air X Pro",
  "image": "https://example.com/airx.jpg",
  "offers": {
    "@type": "Offer",
    "price": "5990",
    "priceCurrency": "RUB",
    "availability": "https://schema.org/InStock"
  },
  "aggregateRating": {
    "@type": "AggregateRating",
    "ratingValue": "4.7",
    "bestRating": "5",
    "worstRating": "1",
    "reviewCount": "128",
    "ratingCount": "215"
  }
}

{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Product",
  "name": "Кроссовки Air X Pro",
  "image": "https://example.com/airx.jpg",
  "offers": {
    "@type": "Offer",
    "price": "5990",
    "priceCurrency": "RUB",
    "availability": "https://schema.org/InStock"
  },
  "aggregateRating": {
    "@type": "AggregateRating",
    "ratingValue": "4.7",
    "reviewCount": "128"
  },
  "review": [
    {
      "@type": "Review",
      "reviewRating": {
        "@type": "Rating",
        "ratingValue": "5",
        "bestRating": "5"
      },
      "name": "Отличные кроссовки для ежедневных пробежек",
      "reviewBody": "Бегаю в них уже 3 месяца — подошва держит хорошо, нога не устаёт. Рекомендую для асфальта.",
      "datePublished": "2026-03-15",
      "author": {
        "@type": "Person",
        "name": "Алексей К."
      }
    },
    {
      "@type": "Review",
      "reviewRating": {
        "@type": "Rating",
        "ratingValue": "4",
        "bestRating": "5"
      },
      "reviewBody": "Хорошая амортизация, но размер немного маломерит. Брать на 0.5 размера больше.",
      "datePublished": "2026-04-01",
      "author": {
        "@type": "Person",
        "name": "Мария С."
      }
    }
  ]
}

{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Product",
  "name": "Кроссовки Air X Pro",
  "image": [
    {
      "@type": "ImageObject",
      "url": "https://example.com/airx-front.jpg",
      "width": 1200,
      "height": 1200,
      "caption": "Кроссовки Air X Pro — вид спереди"
    },
    {
      "@type": "ImageObject",
      "url": "https://example.com/airx-side.jpg",
      "width": 1200,
      "height": 1200,
      "caption": "Кроссовки Air X Pro — вид сбоку"
    }
  ],
  "offers": {
    "@type": "Offer",
    "price": "5990",
    "priceCurrency": "RUB",
    "availability": "https://schema.org/InStock"
  }
}

<!-- Схема 1: Организация-продавец (на всех страницах сайта) -->
<script type="application/ld+json">
{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Organization",
  "@id": "https://example.com/#organization",
  "name": "RunMax Store",
  "url": "https://example.com",
  "logo": "https://example.com/logo.png"
}
</script>

<!-- Схема 2: Хлебные крошки -->
<script type="application/ld+json">
{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "BreadcrumbList",
  "itemListElement": [
    { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "name": "Главная", "item": "https://example.com" },
    { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "name": "Обувь", "item": "https://example.com/shoes" },
    { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 3, "name": "Air X Pro" }
  ]
}
</script>

<!-- Схема 3: Товар с ценой, рейтингом и отзывом (на странице товара) -->
<script type="application/ld+json">
{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Product",
  "name": "Кроссовки Air X Pro",
  "description": "Беговые кроссовки для асфальта.",
  "sku": "AIRX-001",
  "brand": { "@type": "Brand", "name": "RunMax" },
  "image": "https://example.com/airx.jpg",
  "offers": {
    "@type": "Offer",
    "price": "5990",
    "priceCurrency": "RUB",
    "availability": "https://schema.org/InStock",
    "priceValidUntil": "2026-12-31",
    "seller": { "@id": "https://example.com/#organization" }
  },
  "aggregateRating": {
    "@type": "AggregateRating",
    "ratingValue": "4.7",
    "reviewCount": "128",
    "bestRating": "5"
  },
  "review": {
    "@type": "Review",
    "reviewRating": { "@type": "Rating", "ratingValue": "5" },
    "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Алексей К." },
    "reviewBody": "Отличные кроссовки, бегаю в них каждый день.",
    "datePublished": "2026-04-10"
  }
}
</script>